Converting to raw MONO: images - wrong bit order within byte

[largactyl]

Hi,

I am trying to convert a batch of monochrome PNGs to raw 1-bit data, i.e. 8 ON/OFF pixels represented by each byte. My issue is that the output's bit order within each byte (not the byte order) is the opposite of what I need. As a result, each successive group of 8 pixels is flipped on the X axis.

For my purposes the most significant bit should be the leftmost pixel. For example, if my input has one pixel 'ON' followed by seven pixels OFF (left to right), I'd expect a byte value of 10000000 binary, but IM outputs 00000001.

Can this be fixed? I've tried various permutations of options like:

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magick convert input.png -monochrome -depth 1 MONO:test1.raw

magick convert input.png -type bilevel MONO:test2.raw

Seems like this can be fixed for TIFF files (-define tiff:fill-order=msb|lsb), but I couldn't find such an option for MONO:, or for any format other than TIFF. Any tips or workarounds would be appreciated.

[snibgo]

I think the "GRAY:" format does what you want, eg:

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magick in.png -depth 1 GRAY:out.bin

[largactyl]

Yep, that did it - thank you.

Doesn't seem intuitive to me, though... and the documentation doesn't mention anything about the bit-ordering in GRAY: vs. MONO: (unless I missed it, of course). I don't really see the reasoning behind the difference; perhaps this should be a configurable setting, as it is with TIFF? Or, failing that, at least document the issue?

[snibgo]

The documentation http://www.imagemagick.org/script/formats.php says about MONO:

Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-byte first order

On GRAY, It says nothing about the order, I think because it is as expected: the left-most pixels are represented by the most significant bits.

[largactyl]

Ah, then I suppose the MONO description should simply be corrected: "Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-bit first order". That one did have me scratching my head a bit.

[snibgo]

... the MONO description should simply be corrected "Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-bit first order".

Yes, I agree. Bit, not byte. @Fred: can you change that wording to "Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-bit first order".

But the code in mono.c has me scratching my head. It reads pixels in the usual row,column order, and always sets the first pixel in a group of 8 to the least-significant bit. However, it uses the endian setting. If this is LSBEndian (the default), it inverts each bit. I don't think this is documented. We can confirm at the command line with an 8x1 image that is black except for white at the left-most pixel.

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magick xc:White -background Black -extent 8x1 MONO:- |dumpbin /p0 /i- /o-
{fe}

magick xc:White -background Black -extent 8x1 -endian LSB MONO:- |dumpbin /p0 /i- /o-
{fe}

magick xc:White -background Black -extent 8x1 -endian MSB MONO:- |dumpbin /p0 /i- /o-
{01}

dumpbin is my own utility that here dumps the single byte as hex.