There are is a setting for scaling for floating point numbers in input, but no input bias option that I know about. It could be added! But I am not certain how well it works outside of HDRI versions of ImageMagick.
EG -define quantum:scale=65535.0
You will likely need HDRI version of ImageMagick (floating point internal data format), so you can read in the image without clipping, and then 'level' the image to scale the values to a more 'useful' range for display.
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/basics/#hdri
tell use more about your input and what you exactly want, perhaps provide a simple small image example, and we can help you more.