I can think of a number of methods to do something like that!
Have a look at the 'Star' generation script....
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/advanced/#stars
You should be able to extract the bright points, convert those into 'stars' and then overlay that.
In may way that is what those glasses are doing.
Their is also a similar effect seen in
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/distor ... al_streaks
But the streaks are just enhancing a existing radial pattern, so may not be suitable.
The one other method is to use morphology/convolution to generate a star pattern for 'dilation' or 'blurs'
See Alternatives to Drawing Symbols
http://www.imagemagick.org/Usage/draw/#symbol_alts
That last is in a odd place is it was providing alternatives to actually 'drawing' symbols and shapes in known locations, but instead using random points within an existing image.